| 熔模铸造方法的另一优点 |
| 添加时间：2018/4/11 16:34:02 浏览次数： |
| 不锈钢铸造不仅适用于各种类型、各种合金的铸造，而且生产出的铸件尺寸精度、表面质量比其它铸造方法要高，甚至其它铸造方法难于铸得的复杂、耐高温、不易于加工的铸件，均可采用熔模精密铸造铸得。 Stainless steel casting is not only suitable for the casting of various types and various alloys, but also the size accuracy of the castings and the surface quality are higher than those of other casting methods. Even the other casting methods are difficult to cast, and the casting can be cast by precision casting. 所谓熔模铸造工艺，简单说就是用易熔材料（例如蜡料或塑料）制成可熔性模型（简称熔模或模型），在其上涂覆若干层特制的耐火涂料，经过干燥和硬化形成一个整体型壳后，再用蒸汽或热水从型壳中熔掉模型，然后把型壳置于砂箱中，在其四周填充干砂造型，最后将铸型放入焙烧炉中经过高温焙烧（如采用高强度型壳时，可不必造型而将脱模后的型壳直接焙烧），铸型或型壳经焙烧后，于其中浇注熔融金属而得到铸件。 The so-called melt casting process is simply to make a melted model (such as a wax or a plastic) to make a melted model (called a melt or model). It is coated with a number of specially made refractory coatings. After drying and hardening a monolithic shell, the model is melted from the shell with steam or hot water and then the shell. In the sand box, the molding of dry sand is filled around it. Finally, the casting mold is baked in a calciner through high temperature roasting (if the high strength shell is used, the mold shell can be calcined directly without the mold). The cast or shell is roasted, and the molten metal is poured into the casting to get the casting. 熔模铸件尺寸精度较高，一般可达CT4-6（砂型铸造为CT10~13，压铸为CT5~7）,当然由于熔模铸造的工艺过程复杂，影响铸件尺寸精度的因素较多，例如模料的收缩、熔模的变形、型壳在加热和冷却过程中的线量变化、合金的收缩率以及在凝固过程中铸件的变形等，所以普通熔模铸件的尺寸精度虽然较高，但其一致性仍需提高（采用中、高温蜡料的铸件尺寸一致性要提高很多）。 The precision of the mold casting is high, which can reach CT4-6 (sand mold casting is CT10~13, die-casting is CT5~7). Of course, because of the complex process of the casting process, there are many factors affecting the size accuracy of the castings, such as the shrinkage of the mould material, the deformation of the molten mould, the change of the wire quantity in the heating and cooling process and the shrinkage rate of the alloy. As well as the deformation of castings in the solidification process, the size accuracy of the common mold casting is higher, but the consistency of the casting needs to be improved (the size consistency of the middle and high temperature wax castings should be improved much). 压制熔模时，采用型腔表面光洁度高的压型，因此，熔模的表面光洁度也比较高。此外，型壳由耐高温的特殊粘结剂和耐火材料配制成的耐火涂料涂挂在熔模上而制成，与熔融金属直接接触的型腔内表面光洁度高。所以，熔模铸件的表面光洁度比一般铸造件的高，一般可达Ra.1.6~3.2μm。 When pressing the mold, the surface shape of the mold cavity is high, so the surface finish of the mold is relatively high. In addition, the shell is made of fire resistant coatings made from high temperature resistant special binder and refractory material. The surface of the mold with direct contact with molten metal has high surface finish. Therefore, the surface finish of investment castings is higher than that of common castings, usually up to Ra.1.6~3.2 m. 熔模铸造最大的优点就是由于熔模铸件有着很高的尺寸精度和表面光洁度，所以可减少机械加工工作，只是在零件上要求较高的部位留少许加工余量即可，甚至某些铸件只留打磨、抛光余量，不必机械加工即可使用。由此可见，采用熔模铸造方法可大量节省机床设备和加工工时，大幅度节约金属原材料。 The biggest advantage of melt mold casting is that because of the high dimensional precision and surface finish of the mold casting, the machining work can be reduced, only a little machining allowance is required on the parts of the parts, and even some castings only leave the grinding and polishing allowance, so it can be used without mechanical processing. It can be seen that investment casting method can save machine tools and processing hours, and save metal raw materials greatly. 熔模铸造方法的另一优点是，它可以铸造各种合金的复杂的铸件，特别可以铸造高温合金铸件。如喷气式发动机的叶片，其流线型外廓与冷却用内腔，用机械加工工艺几乎无法形成。用熔模铸造工艺生产不仅可以做到批量生产，保证了铸件的一致性，而且避免了机械加工后残留刀纹的应力集中。 Another advantage of the investment casting method is that it can cast complex castings of various alloys, especially for casting superalloy castings. Such as jet engine blades, the streamlined profile and cooling with inner chamber, with the machining process can hardly formation. The investment casting process can not only achieve mass production, ensure the consistency of the casting, but also avoid the stress concentration of residual grain after machining. |
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